Ukukhuphuka kwama-Flange Bolts: Kungani Imiklamo Yewashi Iphela?

Amawasha kudala eyithuluzi elisizayo elibalulekile konjiniyela ekuqiniseni imisebenzi. Isibopho sabo esiyinhloko ukuvikela ubuso obuhlangene ngesikhathi sokuqinisa, ukuvimbela ukuchotshozwa nokulimala okubangelwa ukuxhumana okuqondile, futhi ukusabalalisa ngokufanelekile umthwalo ngaphansi kwekhanda le-bolt kanye namantongomane ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukufana nokuzinza kokuqina. Kodwa-ke, ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe kanye nokuthuthukiswa komkhuba wobunjiniyela, ama-washer ashintshiwe kancane kancaneama-flange boltskwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza. Namuhla, ake sibheke ngokujulile izizathu ezibangela lolu shintsho.

Okokuqala, sidinga ukukucacisa ukuthi ukusebenzisa i-torque ukulawula ngokungaqondile amandla okubamba ibhawodi kuyindlela esetshenziswa kakhulu emisebenzini yobunjiniyela. Le ndlela ilula futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa, futhi iyaziwa konjiniyela. Kodwa-ke, ekusebenzeni kwangempela, akunzima ukuthola ukuthi ukungqubuzana okusebenza kuntambo ye-bolt kanye nekhanda lomshudo kuzodla iningi le-torque eqinisayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi nakuba sisebenzisa itorque eningi, ingxenye eguqulwa ibe amandla okubamba asebenzayo empeleni inomkhawulo.

Kulo mongo, izinkinga ezibangelwa ama-washers zivelele kakhulu. Njengoba ukuqina kwama-washers ajwayelekile ngokuvamile kuphansi kunama-bolts namantongomane, athambekele ekuguqukeni kwepulasitiki ngaphansi kokucindezeleka okukhulu. Lokhu kuguqulwa akudali nje kuphela ukuthi iwasha ngokwayo iwe, kodwa ingase futhi ithinte amandla okubamba ibhawudi, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kwamandla okubamba. Ngokungqubuzanayo,ama-flange boltsungabi nayo le nkinga. Indawo yabo yokusekela igcina ubulukhuni obufanayo obufanayo njenge-fastener, futhi ingagcina isimo esizinzile nokusebenza ngaphansi kokucindezeleka okukhulu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, imbobo yokusula ekwakhiweni kwe-washer ingase ibangele uchungechunge lwezinkinga. Ukuze ugweme ukuphazamiseka kwe-arc yokushintsha ngaphansi kwekhanda lomshudo, iwasha idinga ukuba nembobo yokuvula enkulu ngokuqhathaniswa. Kodwa-ke, le mbobo yokusula ingase ibangele isikhungo sewasha ukuthi siphambuke ku-axis yebhawudo ngesikhathi sokuqinisa, okuholela ekulayisheni okune-eccentric kanye nokugxiliswa kokucindezeleka kwendawo. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokunyusa ingozi yokuhlehlisa kanye nokulimala okuhlangene, kodwa kungase kuthinte ukuzinza nokuphepha kwalo lonke uhlelo lokubopha.

Olunye udaba okufanele luphawulwe yisimo sokuzungezisa iwasha. Phakathi nenqubo yokuqinisa, iwasha ngezinye izikhathi ijikeleza endaweni ehlangene nenati. Lokhu kuzungezisa kushintsha ubudlelwano phakathi kwetorque esetshenzisiwe namandla okubamba amabhawodi, okuholela ekulahlekeni okukhulu kwamandla okubamba. Ngaphandle uma ukubhekwa ngokucophelela nokuqapha kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokuqiniswa, kunzima ukuthola nokulungisa le nkinga ngesikhathi.

Okokugcina, ukusetshenziswa kwamawasha nakho kwandisa inani lezindawo zokuxhumana endaweni ehlangene. Ezingeni le-microscopic, ukushumeka phakathi kwalezi zindawo zokuthintana kungaholela ekulahlekelweni kwamandla okubamba. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi lapho izingxenye zejoyinti zicindezelwa kuqala ukuthi zithintane. Ezindaweni zokuthintana kwensimbi kuya kwensimbi, lokhu kulahlekelwa kuvame ukuba phakathi kuka-0.002 no-0.006 mm. Ezindaweni ezipendiwe, umphumela wokushumeka ugqama nakakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwama-washers kukhulisa lo mphumela futhi kunciphisa amandla okubamba ama-bolts.

Kafushane, singabona ukuthi nakuba ama-washers edlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni okujwayelekile kokubopha, izinkinga zabo azikwazi ukushaywa indiva. Ngokungqubuzanayo,ama-flange boltsube nokuzinza okuphezulu, ukwethembeka okungcono kanye nezindleko zokunakekela eziphansi. Ngakho-ke, onjiniyela abaningi ngokwengeziwe sebeqala ukukhetha amabhawodi e-flange ukuze bathathele izinsimbi zendabuko ngamawasha. Yebo, phakathi nenqubo yokufaka esikhundleni, sidinga futhi ukunaka ekulungiseni itorque yasekuqaleni ukuze siqinisekise ukwenziwa kahle komphumela wokuqiniswa.

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