Ukuqonda Umehluko Phakathi Kwe-Carbon Steel ne-Alloy Steel

Incazelo ye-Carbon Steel ne-Alloy Steel

 

Insimbi, njengoba sazi sonke, yigama elivamile lama-alloys e-iron-carbon. Insimbi ye-Carbon (efushanisiwe njenge-carbon steel) iyingxube ye-iron-carbon ene-carbon content engaphansi kuka-2.11%. Ekwakhekeni kwayo kwamakhemikhali, ngaphezu kwe-iron ne-carbon, kukhona nokungcola okulinganiselwe okufana ne-silicon, i-manganese, i-phosphorus, nesibabule, futhi ngeke kube khona ezinye izakhi ze-alloying.

 

Ukukhishwa kwe-carbon steel akhawunti cishe ku-80% wengqikithi yensimbi ephumayo, futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakheni, amabhuloho, izimoto, imikhumbi, ukukhiqizwa kwemishini, imboni, amakhemikhali e-petrochemicals, ukuthuthukiswa kwasolwandle kanye neminye imikhakha.

 

Insimbi ye-alloy iyinsimbi enezakhi ze-alloying eyodwa noma ngaphezulu engezwe kunsimbi ye-carbon, njenge-chromium, nickel, i-tungsten, i-titanium, i-vanadium, i-manganese, ithusi, i-aluminium, i-molybdenum, njll., ukuze kwandiswe izici ezithile zensimbi. Lezi zakhi zamakhemikhali zengezwa ngezilinganiso / izinhlanganisela ezihlukene ukuze zinikeze izinto ezibonakalayo imiphumela ehlukene, njengokukhula kokuqina, ukuthuthukisa ukumelana nokugqwala, ukuqinisa amandla, ukuthuthukisa ukubukeka, ukushintsha ukushisela, njll.

 

Ukukhishwa kwe-alloy steel akhawunti cishe ku-20% wesamba sensimbi esiphumayo futhi sisetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene efana nokukhiqizwa kwemishini, amakhemikhali e-petrochemicals, ukwakhiwa, amakhemikhali ansuku zonke, imishini yezokwelapha, imicu yokwenziwa, ezokuthutha, njll.

 

 

Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-Carbon Steel ne-Alloy Steel

• Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-carbon steel

Ngokusho kokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni, ingahlukaniswa: insimbi ephansi ye-carbon, i-medium carbon steel, i-high carbon steel; ukuphakama kwekhabhoni, ubukhulu bukhuni futhi buyancipha ukuqina.

 

Insimbi ye-carbon ephansi: okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni C%≤0.25%. Izinsimbi ezijwayelekile ezinekhabhoni ephansi ezisetshenziselwa ukwenza izibophelelo zifaka insimbi engu-A3, insimbi ye-Q215A, insimbi ye-Q235, insimbi engu-20#, insimbi engu-22#, njll.

I-Medium carbon steel: okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni 0.25%＜C%≤0.45%. Izinsimbi zekhabhoni ezijwayelekile ezisetshenziswa ukwenza izibophelelo zifaka insimbi engu-35#, insimbi engu-45#, njll.

Insimbi enekhabhoni ephezulu: okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni C% ~0.45%, insimbi enekhabhoni ephezulu ngokuyisisekelo ayisetshenziselwa ukwenza izinto zokubopha emakethe, ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwayo okuphezulu kwekhabhoni, izinto eziqinile neziphukayo, kulula ukuphuka.

 

• Ukuhlukaniswa kwensimbi ye-alloy

Ngokusho kokuqukethwe okuphelele kwezakhi ze-alloy, ihlukaniswe yaba: insimbi ephansi ye-alloy, insimbi ye-alloy ephakathi, insimbi ephezulu ye-alloy, enokuqukethwe okuhlukile kwe-alloy nokwakheka, nokusebenza okuhlukile.

 

Insimbi ye-alloy ephansi: okuqukethwe kwe-alloy okuphelele ≤5%;

Insimbi ye-alloy emaphakathi: 5%＜ingqikithi yokuqukethwe kwe-alloy ≤10%

Insimbi ephezulu ye-alloy: okuqukethwe kwe-alloy ~ 10%.

 

Izinsimbi ezivamile ze-alloy ezisetshenziselwa ukwenza izibophelelo zihlanganisa: 30CrMo, 40Cr, 35CrMo, 42CrMo, njll.

 

Izici ze-Carbon Steel ne-Alloy Steel

• Izici ze-carbon steel

Ukusebenza kwe-carbon steel kuncike ekutheni i-carbon content. Ukuphakama kwekhabhoni, amandla nobulukhuni bukhuphuka, futhi ipulasitiki iphansi, ukuqina kanye nokushisela.

 

Izinzuzo: ipulasitiki enhle kanye nokushisela; intengo eshibhile, kulula ukuncibilika; ubuchwepheshe obuhle bokucubungula; ukusebenza kungathuthukiswa ngokulungisa okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni noma ukushintsha indlela yokucubungula;

 

Ukungalungi: amandla ampofu kancane; ukungaqini kahle; ukumelana nokushisa okuphansi okwanele; ukumelana nokugqwala okuphansi; conductivity kazibuthe ephansi; kulula ukuba uzibuthe endaweni kazibuthe.

 

• Izici zensimbi ye-alloy

Izakhi ezihlukene ze-alloy ezingeziwe zinezakhiwo ezahlukene.

 

Izinzuzo: ukusebenza kahle okuphelele; etholakala ngezinjongo ezikhethekile; amandla aphezulu kanye nokuqina okuphezulu; ukuqina okuhle, akulula ukuguqula nokuqhekeka; ukumelana nokugqoka, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukumelana nokushisa okuphansi, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, okungezona uzibuthe, njll.;

 

Ukungalungi: kuyabiza; ukubumba okuyinkimbinkimbi kanye nezinqubo zokwelapha ukushisa.

 

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Carbon Steel ne-Alloy Steel

• Ukusetshenziswa kwe-carbon steel

 

Insimbi yekhabhoni ivamise ukusetshenziselwa ukwenza izingxenye ezahlukene zokwakha, iziqukathi, amabhokisi, imizimba yomlilo nemishini yezolimo, izingxenye ezincane ezithwala imithwalo, amawasha, izikhonkwane ze-cotter, izinduku zokubopha, izitembu nezingxenye ezishiselwe, njll.

 

Insimbi ye-carbon esetshenziselwa ukwenza izinsimbi

 

Insimbi ye-Q215A ilungele ukukhiqiza amawasha;

 

Insimbi ye-Q235 ifanele ukukhiqiza amabhawodi, amantongomane, imikhono yesikulufu, izikhonkwane ze-cotter, ama-rivets, njll., futhi isetshenziswa kakhulu emikhiqizweni engenazo izidingo zokuqina njengamabhawudi ebanga elingu-4.8, amantongomane ebanga lesi-4, nezikulufu ezincane;

 

Insimbi engu-35# kanye nensimbi engu-45# ingeyezinga eliphezulu le-carbon steel structure, futhi isetshenziswa kakhulu ukwenza amabhawodi ebanga lesi-8.8, amantongomane ebanga lesi-8 kanye nezixhumi ze-hexagon eziyi-8.8.

 

• Ukusetshenziswa kwensimbi ye-alloy

 

Insimbi ye-alloy ingasetshenziselwa ukwakha izingxenye zezimoto zokuhamba njengezimoto, imikhumbi, nezindiza; izingxenye zamathuluzi omshini, amarokhethi, imicibisholo, njll.; kanye nokwenza ama-rolling bearings ahlukahlukene, amathuluzi okusika, amathuluzi okulinganisa, iziphethu, isikhunta esishisayo nesibandayo, isikhunta esigoqayo, iziphethu, izinsimbi, njll.

 

Isetshenziswa ezikhathini ezikhethekile, ezindaweni ezikwazi ukumelana nokushisa nezimelana nokugqwala, njengama-steam turbines, amabhayela, okokusebenza kwamakhemikhali, njll.

 

Insimbi ye-alloy esetshenziselwa ukwenza izinsimbi

 

Ikakhulukazi esetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ama-bolts aphezulu namantongomane, njengezinto zebanga le-10.9 zihlanganisa i-30CrMo ne-40Cr; Izinto zebanga le-12.9 zifaka: 35CrMo, 42CrMo, njll.

 

I-30CrMo ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukwenza amabhawodi nezikhonkwane ngaphansi kwemithwalo ephezulu; izibophelelo ezihlukahlukene ezisetshenziswa ekushiseni okuphezulu (ngaphansi kuka-450℃) ezindaweni ezifana nezinjini zesitimu namabhayela; ama-flange namantongomane asetshenziswa ekushiseni okuphezulu (ngaphansi kuka-500 ℃) ezindaweni zokucindezela;

 

I-40Cr ilungele ukukhiqiza imikhono yesikulufu, izikhonkwane, izikulufo zenduku yokuxhuma, amantongomane, njll.;

 

I-35CrMo ivamise ukusetshenziselwa ukwenza izibophelelo ezihlukene ngaphansi kwemithwalo ephezulu, njengezixhumi zamajeneretha enjini yomusi; izinsimbi ezihlukahlukene ezisetshenziswa ekushiseni okuphezulu (ngaphansi kuka-480 ℃) ezindaweni ezifana nama-boilers;

 

I-42CrMo ifanele ukukhiqiza izixhumi ezidinga amandla angaphezu kuka-35CrMo.

 

Uma ucabangela izici ze-carbon steel ne-alloy steel, lapho ukhetha izinto zokubopha, i-carbon steel inganikezwa kuqala esakhiweni sokuhlangabezana nezidingo zokusetshenziswa; uma ukucaciswa kukhulu, ukuma kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, futhi izidingo zamandla nokunemba ziphakeme, noma kunezidingo zokuqina okushisayo nokunye ukusebenza okukhethekile, kufanele kusetshenziswe insimbi ye-alloy.

 

Ngemva kokufunda lokhu, ungakwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwe-carbon steel ne-alloy steel?

 

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